Color Palettes in R Package ggsci

Jan. 10, 2023

Introduction

前两天找论文图像配色的时候发现了R语言的一个配色包ggsci12，这个包通过总结一些著名期刊的论文插图配色，设置了几个palettes。

官网中给出了获取palette中色彩RGB值的方式，在安装了R语言和RStudio后，输入指定的代码即可。

R语言安装包时常用的代码

（1）安装指定包，如安装ggssci

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install.packages("ggsci")

（2） 查看已经安装的包

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as.data.frame(installed.packages())$Package

本博客就记录一下ggsci中所包含palettes的RGB值。


NPG (Nature Publishing Group)

The NPG palette is inspired by the plots in the journals published by Nature Publishing Group:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_npg("nrc", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#E64B35FF" "#4DBBD5FF" "#00A087FF" "#3C5488FF" "#F39B7FFF" "#8491B4FF" "#91D1C2FF" "#DC0000FF" "#7E6148FF" "#B09C85FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107180738968

虽然我之前没有接触过R语言，R语言及其IDE都是刚刚安装的，但是上面这部分代码还是比较好理解的。主要介绍一下代码：

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mypal <- pal_npg("nrc", alpha = 1)(10)

其中：

（1）pal_npg，指定了使用NPG palette

（2）"nrc"，这个属性指定了palette type，不同的palette的type选项是不同的，对于NPG而言，只有"nrc"这一个选项。具体的type属性可以在官方网站1中查看

image-20230110135137608

（3）alpha参数取值范围为$(0,1]$，alpha = 1表示颜色的透明度为opaque，即不透明。上面我们得到的颜色一共有十六进制数，前六位对应RGB tuple，后两位就对应着透明度。如果我们将透明度设置为0.6，则有：

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_npg("nrc", alpha = 0.6)(10)
mypal

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230110145226108

我们也很容易推出，颜色透明度的调节也是离散的，间隔为$1/255$。在下文中，我们均只展示opaque的颜色。

（4）pal_npg函数后面的(10)表示展示palette中颜色的数量。"nrc"类型的NPG只有10种颜色，如果设置超过10，如设置：

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mypal <- pal_npg("nrc", alpha = 0)(12)

则会报warning：

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Warning message:
This manual palette can handle a maximum of 10 values. You have supplied 12.

通过这种方式得到palette的RGB数组后，我们就可以很方便地将其应用到其他地方。

但是，MATLAB中的函数大多数是不接受以十六进制表示的RGB值，因此我们可以借助MATLAB File Exchange 中Chad Greene提供的函数3将十六进制转换为RGB三元数组，并且采用官方文档常用的可视化peaks函数的方式可视化palette：

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clc, clear, close all

mypal = ["E64B35"; "4DBBD5"; "00A087";
    "3C5488"; "F39B7F"; "8491B4";
    "91D1C2"; "DC0000"; "7E6148"; "B09C85"];

mypal = arrayfun(@(x)hex2rgb(x), mypal, 'UniformOutput', false);
mypal = cat(1, mypal{:});

figure
axes
surf(peaks(37))
colormap(mypal)
colorbar

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mypal =
    0.9020    0.2941    0.2078
    0.3020    0.7333    0.8353
         0    0.6275    0.5294
    0.2353    0.3294    0.5333
    0.9529    0.6078    0.4980
    0.5176    0.5686    0.7059
    0.5686    0.8196    0.7608
    0.8627         0         0
    0.4941    0.3804    0.2824
    0.6902    0.6118    0.5216

image-20230108111241527

本部分的讨论适用于下文所有的palette，完全一致。


AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

The AAAS palette is inspired by the plots in the journals published by American Association for the Advancement of Science:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_aaas("default", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#3B4992FF" "#EE0000FF" "#008B45FF" "#631879FF" "#008280FF" "#BB0021FF" "#5F559BFF" "#A20056FF" "#808180FF" "#1B1919FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107180916214

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mypal =
    0.2314    0.2863    0.5725
    0.9333         0         0
         0    0.5451    0.2706
    0.3882    0.0941    0.4745
         0    0.5098    0.5020
    0.7333         0    0.1294
    0.3725    0.3333    0.6078
    0.6353         0    0.3373
    0.5020    0.5059    0.5020
    0.1059    0.0980    0.0980

image-20230110151759410


NEJM (The New England Journal of Medicine)

The NEJM palette is inspired by the plots in The New England Journal of Medicine:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_nejm("default", alpha = 1)(8)
mypal
# [1] "#BC3C29FF" "#0072B5FF" "#E18727FF" "#20854EFF" "#7876B1FF" "#6F99ADFF" "#FFDC91FF" "#EE4C97FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107181053174

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mypal =
    0.7373    0.2353    0.1608
         0    0.4471    0.7098
    0.8824    0.5294    0.1529
    0.1255    0.5216    0.3059
    0.4706    0.4627    0.6941
    0.4353    0.6000    0.6784
    1.0000    0.8627    0.5686
    0.9333    0.2980    0.5922

image-20230110152021105


Lancet (Lancet journals)

The Lancet palette is inspired by the plots in Lancet journals, such as Lancet Oncology:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_lancet("lanonc", alpha = 1)(9)
mypal
# [1] "#00468BFF" "#ED0000FF" "#42B540FF" "#0099B4FF" "#925E9FFF" "#FDAF91FF" "#AD002AFF" "#ADB6B6FF" "#1B1919FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107181307592

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mypal =
         0    0.2745    0.5451
    0.9294         0         0
    0.2588    0.7098    0.2510
         0    0.6000    0.7059
    0.5725    0.3686    0.6235
    0.9922    0.6863    0.5686
    0.6784         0    0.1647
    0.6784    0.7137    0.7137
    0.1059    0.0980    0.0980

image-20230108110610029

JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association)

The JAMA palette is inspired by the plots in The Journal of the American Medical Association:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_jama("default", alpha = 1)(7)
mypal
# [1] "#374E55FF" "#DF8F44FF" "#00A1D5FF" "#B24745FF" "#79AF97FF" "#6A6599FF" "#80796BFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107181635587

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mypal =
    0.2157    0.3059    0.3333
    0.8745    0.5608    0.2667
         0    0.6314    0.8353
    0.6980    0.2784    0.2706
    0.4745    0.6863    0.5922
    0.4157    0.3961    0.6000
    0.5020    0.4745    0.4196

image-20230108110315852


JCO (Journal of Clinical Oncology)

The JCO palette is inspired by the the plots in Journal of Clinical Oncology:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_jco("default", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#0073C2FF" "#EFC000FF" "#868686FF" "#CD534CFF" "#7AA6DCFF" "#003C67FF" "#8F7700FF" "#3B3B3BFF" "#A73030FF" "#4A6990FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107181737598

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mypal =
         0    0.4510    0.7608
    0.9373    0.7529         0
    0.5255    0.5255    0.5255
    0.8039    0.3255    0.2980
    0.4784    0.6510    0.8627
         0    0.2353    0.4039
    0.5608    0.4667         0
    0.2314    0.2314    0.2314
    0.6549    0.1882    0.1882
    0.2902    0.4118    0.5647

image-20230110152417412


UCSCGB (UCSC Genome Browser)

The UCSCGB palette is from the colors used by UCSC Genome Browser for representing chromosomes. This palette (interpolated, with alpha) is intensively used in visualizations generated by Circos.

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_ucscgb("default", alpha = 1)(26)
mypal
# [1] "#FF0000FF" "#FF9900FF" "#FFCC00FF" "#00FF00FF" "#6699FFFF" "#CC33FFFF" "#99991EFF" "#999999FF" "#FF00CCFF" "#CC0000FF" "#FFCCCCFF"
# [12] "#FFFF00FF" "#CCFF00FF" "#358000FF" "#0000CCFF" "#99CCFFFF" "#00FFFFFF" "#CCFFFFFF" "#9900CCFF" "#CC99FFFF" "#996600FF" "#666600FF"
# [23] "#666666FF" "#CCCCCCFF" "#79CC3DFF" "#CCCC99FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107181932500

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mypal =
    1.0000         0         0
    1.0000    0.6000         0
    1.0000    0.8000         0
         0    1.0000         0
    0.4000    0.6000    1.0000
    0.8000    0.2000    1.0000
    0.6000    0.6000    0.1176
    0.6000    0.6000    0.6000
    1.0000         0    0.8000
    0.8000         0         0
    1.0000    0.8000    0.8000
    1.0000    1.0000         0
    0.8000    1.0000         0
    0.2078    0.5020         0
         0         0    0.8000
    0.6000    0.8000    1.0000
         0    1.0000    1.0000
    0.8000    1.0000    1.0000
    0.6000         0    0.8000
    0.8000    0.6000    1.0000
    0.6000    0.4000         0
    0.4000    0.4000         0
    0.4000    0.4000    0.4000
    0.8000    0.8000    0.8000
    0.4745    0.8000    0.2392
    0.8000    0.8000    0.6000

image-20230110153321481


D3 (D3.js)

The D3 palette is from the categorical colors used by D3.js (version 3.x and before). There are four palette types (category10, category20, category20b, category20c) available.

category10

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_d3("category10", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#1F77B4FF" "#FF7F0EFF" "#2CA02CFF" "#D62728FF" "#9467BDFF" "#8C564BFF" "#E377C2FF" "#7F7F7FFF" "#BCBD22FF" "#17BECFFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182033100

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mypal =
    0.1216    0.4667    0.7059
    1.0000    0.4980    0.0549
    0.1725    0.6275    0.1725
    0.8392    0.1529    0.1569
    0.5804    0.4039    0.7412
    0.5490    0.3373    0.2941
    0.8902    0.4667    0.7608
    0.4980    0.4980    0.4980
    0.7373    0.7412    0.1333
    0.0902    0.7451    0.8118

image-20230110153537200

category20

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_d3("category20", alpha = 1)(20)
mypal
# [1] "#1F77B4FF" "#FF7F0EFF" "#2CA02CFF" "#D62728FF" "#9467BDFF" "#8C564BFF" "#E377C2FF" "#7F7F7FFF" "#BCBD22FF" "#17BECFFF" "#AEC7E8FF"
# [12] "#FFBB78FF" "#98DF8AFF" "#FF9896FF" "#C5B0D5FF" "#C49C94FF" "#F7B6D2FF" "#C7C7C7FF" "#DBDB8DFF" "#9EDAE5FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182230369

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mypal =
    0.1216    0.4667    0.7059
    1.0000    0.4980    0.0549
    0.1725    0.6275    0.1725
    0.8392    0.1529    0.1569
    0.5804    0.4039    0.7412
    0.5490    0.3373    0.2941
    0.8902    0.4667    0.7608
    0.4980    0.4980    0.4980
    0.7373    0.7412    0.1333
    0.0902    0.7451    0.8118
    0.6824    0.7804    0.9098
    1.0000    0.7333    0.4706
    0.5961    0.8745    0.5412
    1.0000    0.5961    0.5882
    0.7725    0.6902    0.8353
    0.7686    0.6118    0.5804
    0.9686    0.7137    0.8235
    0.7804    0.7804    0.7804
    0.8588    0.8588    0.5529
    0.6196    0.8549    0.8980

image-20230110153724238

category20b

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_d3("category20b", alpha = 1)(20)
mypal
# [1] "#393B79FF" "#637939FF" "#8C6D31FF" "#843C39FF" "#7B4173FF" "#5254A3FF" "#8CA252FF" "#BD9E39FF" "#AD494AFF" "#A55194FF" "#6B6ECFFF"
# [12] "#B5CF6BFF" "#E7BA52FF" "#D6616BFF" "#CE6DBDFF" "#9C9EDEFF" "#CEDB9CFF" "#E7CB94FF" "#E7969CFF" "#DE9ED6FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182319305

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mypal =
    0.2235    0.2314    0.4745
    0.3882    0.4745    0.2235
    0.5490    0.4275    0.1922
    0.5176    0.2353    0.2235
    0.4824    0.2549    0.4510
    0.3216    0.3294    0.6392
    0.5490    0.6353    0.3216
    0.7412    0.6196    0.2235
    0.6784    0.2863    0.2902
    0.6471    0.3176    0.5804
    0.4196    0.4314    0.8118
    0.7098    0.8118    0.4196
    0.9059    0.7294    0.3216
    0.8392    0.3804    0.4196
    0.8078    0.4275    0.7412
    0.6118    0.6196    0.8706
    0.8078    0.8588    0.6118
    0.9059    0.7961    0.5804
    0.9059    0.5882    0.6118
    0.8706    0.6196    0.8392

image-20230110154116265

category20c

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_d3("category20c", alpha = 1)(20)
mypal
# [1] "#3182BDFF" "#E6550DFF" "#31A354FF" "#756BB1FF" "#636363FF" "#6BAED6FF" "#FD8D3CFF" "#74C476FF" "#9E9AC8FF" "#969696FF" "#9ECAE1FF"
# [12] "#FDAE6BFF" "#A1D99BFF" "#BCBDDCFF" "#BDBDBDFF" "#C6DBEFFF" "#FDD0A2FF" "#C7E9C0FF" "#DADAEBFF" "#D9D9D9FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182402054

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mypal =
    0.1922    0.5098    0.7412
    0.9020    0.3333    0.0510
    0.1922    0.6392    0.3294
    0.4588    0.4196    0.6941
    0.3882    0.3882    0.3882
    0.4196    0.6824    0.8392
    0.9922    0.5529    0.2353
    0.4549    0.7686    0.4627
    0.6196    0.6039    0.7843
    0.5882    0.5882    0.5882
    0.6196    0.7922    0.8824
    0.9922    0.6824    0.4196
    0.6314    0.8510    0.6078
    0.7373    0.7412    0.8627
    0.7412    0.7412    0.7412
    0.7765    0.8588    0.9373
    0.9922    0.8157    0.6353
    0.7804    0.9137    0.7529
    0.8549    0.8549    0.9216
    0.8510    0.8510    0.8510

image-20230110154327190


Locuszoom

The LocusZoom palette is based on the colors used by LocusZoom：

LocusZoom是用于可视化全基因组关联分析（Genome wide association study，GWAS）的工具。

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_locuszoom("default", alpha = 1)(7)
mypal
# [1] "#D43F3AFF" "#EEA236FF" "#5CB85CFF" "#46B8DAFF" "#357EBDFF" "#9632B8FF" "#B8B8B8FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182638917

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mypal =
    0.8314    0.2471    0.2275
    0.9333    0.6353    0.2118
    0.3608    0.7216    0.3608
    0.2745    0.7216    0.8549
    0.2078    0.4941    0.7412
    0.5882    0.1961    0.7216
    0.7216    0.7216    0.7216

image-20230110154518836


IGV (Integrative Genomics Viewer)

The IGV palette is from the colors used by Integrative Genomics Viewer for representing chromosomes. There are two palette types (default, alternating) available.

default

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_igv("default", alpha = 1)(51)
mypal
# [1] "#5050FFFF" "#CE3D32FF" "#749B58FF" "#F0E685FF" "#466983FF" "#BA6338FF"
# [7] "#5DB1DDFF" "#802268FF" "#6BD76BFF" "#D595A7FF" "#924822FF" "#837B8DFF"
# [13] "#C75127FF" "#D58F5CFF" "#7A65A5FF" "#E4AF69FF" "#3B1B53FF" "#CDDEB7FF"
# [19] "#612A79FF" "#AE1F63FF" "#E7C76FFF" "#5A655EFF" "#CC9900FF" "#99CC00FF"
# [25] "#A9A9A9FF" "#CC9900FF" "#99CC00FF" "#33CC00FF" "#00CC33FF" "#00CC99FF"
# [31] "#0099CCFF" "#0A47FFFF" "#4775FFFF" "#FFC20AFF" "#FFD147FF" "#990033FF"
# [37] "#991A00FF" "#996600FF" "#809900FF" "#339900FF" "#00991AFF" "#009966FF"
# [43] "#008099FF" "#003399FF" "#1A0099FF" "#660099FF" "#990080FF" "#D60047FF"
# [49] "#FF1463FF" "#00D68FFF" "#14FFB1FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107182814332

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mypal =

    0.3137    0.3137    1.0000
    0.8078    0.2392    0.1961
    0.4549    0.6078    0.3451
    0.9412    0.9020    0.5216
    0.2745    0.4118    0.5137
    0.7294    0.3882    0.2196
    0.3647    0.6941    0.8667
    0.5020    0.1333    0.4078
    0.4196    0.8431    0.4196
    0.8353    0.5843    0.6549
    0.5725    0.2824    0.1333
    0.5137    0.4824    0.5529
    0.7804    0.3176    0.1529
    0.8353    0.5608    0.3608
    0.4784    0.3961    0.6471
    0.8941    0.6863    0.4118
    0.2314    0.1059    0.3255
    0.8039    0.8706    0.7176
    0.3804    0.1647    0.4745
    0.6824    0.1216    0.3882
    0.9059    0.7804    0.4353
    0.3529    0.3961    0.3686
    0.8000    0.6000         0
    0.6000    0.8000         0
    0.6627    0.6627    0.6627
    0.8000    0.6000         0
    0.6000    0.8000         0
    0.2000    0.8000         0
         0    0.8000    0.2000
         0    0.8000    0.6000
         0    0.6000    0.8000
    0.0392    0.2784    1.0000
    0.2784    0.4588    1.0000
    1.0000    0.7608    0.0392
    1.0000    0.8196    0.2784
    0.6000         0    0.2000
    0.6000    0.1020         0
    0.6000    0.4000         0
    0.5020    0.6000         0
    0.2000    0.6000         0
         0    0.6000    0.1020
         0    0.6000    0.4000
         0    0.5020    0.6000
         0    0.2000    0.6000
    0.1020         0    0.6000
    0.4000         0    0.6000
    0.6000         0    0.5020
    0.8392         0    0.2784
    1.0000    0.0784    0.3882
         0    0.8392    0.5608
    0.0784    1.0000    0.6941

image-20230110154732528

alternating

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_igv("alternating", alpha = 1)(2)
mypal
# [1] "#5773CCFF" "#FFB900FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183033024

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mypal =
    0.3412    0.4510    0.8000
    1.0000    0.7255         0

image-20230110154851215


UChicago (The University of Chicago)

The UChicago palette is based on the colors used by the University of Chicago . There are three palette types (default, light, dark) available.

default

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_uchicago("default", alpha = 1)(9)
mypal
# [1] "#800000FF" "#767676FF" "#FFA319FF" "#8A9045FF" "#155F83FF" "#C16622FF" "#8F3931FF" "#58593FFF" "#350E20FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183425569

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mypal =

    0.5020         0         0
    0.4627    0.4627    0.4627
    1.0000    0.6392    0.0980
    0.5412    0.5647    0.2706
    0.0824    0.3725    0.5137
    0.7569    0.4000    0.1333
    0.5608    0.2235    0.1922
    0.3451    0.3490    0.2471
    0.2078    0.0549    0.1255

image-20230110155118300

light

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_uchicago("light", alpha = 1)(9)
mypal
# [1] "#800000FF" "#D6D6CEFF" "#FFB547FF" "#ADB17DFF" "#5B8FA8FF" "#D49464FF" "#B1746FFF" "#8A8B79FF" "#725663FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183513730

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mypal =
    0.5020         0         0
    0.8392    0.8392    0.8078
    1.0000    0.7098    0.2784
    0.6784    0.6941    0.4902
    0.3569    0.5608    0.6588
    0.8314    0.5804    0.3922
    0.6941    0.4549    0.4353
    0.5412    0.5451    0.4745
    0.4471    0.3373    0.3882

image-20230110155313662

dark

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_uchicago("dark", alpha = 1)(9)
mypal
# [1] "#800000FF" "#767676FF" "#CC8214FF" "#616530FF" "#0F425CFF" "#9A5324FF" "#642822FF" "#3E3E23FF" "#350E20FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183606275

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mypal =
    0.5020         0         0
    0.4627    0.4627    0.4627
    0.8000    0.5098    0.0784
    0.3804    0.3961    0.1882
    0.0588    0.2588    0.3608
    0.6039    0.3255    0.1412
    0.3922    0.1569    0.1333
    0.2431    0.2431    0.1373
    0.2078    0.0549    0.1255

image-20230110155445325


Star Trek (Film)

This palette is inspired by the (uniform) colors in Star Trek:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_startrek("uniform", alpha = 1)(7)
mypal
# [1] "#CC0C00FF" "#5C88DAFF" "#84BD00FF" "#FFCD00FF" "#7C878EFF" "#00B5E2FF" "#00AF66FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183719487

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mypal =

    0.8000    0.0471         0
    0.3608    0.5333    0.8549
    0.5176    0.7412         0
    1.0000    0.8039         0
    0.4863    0.5294    0.5569
         0    0.7098    0.8863
         0    0.6863    0.4000

image-20230110155730766


Tron Legacy (Film)

This palette is inspired by the colors used in Tron Legacy. It is suitable for displaying data when using a dark theme:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_tron("legacy", alpha = 1)(7)
mypal
# [1] "#FF410DFF" "#6EE2FFFF" "#F7C530FF" "#95CC5EFF" "#D0DFE6FF" "#F79D1EFF" "#748AA6FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107183834191

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.2549    0.0510
    0.4314    0.8863    1.0000
    0.9686    0.7725    0.1882
    0.5843    0.8000    0.3686
    0.8157    0.8745    0.9020
    0.9686    0.6157    0.1176
    0.4549    0.5412    0.6510

image-20230110164655319


Futurama (TV show)

This palette is inspired by the colors used in the TV show Futurama:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_futurama("planetexpress", alpha = 1)(12)
mypal
# [1] "#FF6F00FF" "#C71000FF" "#008EA0FF" "#8A4198FF" "#5A9599FF" "#FF6348FF" "#84D7E1FF" "#FF95A8FF" "#3D3B25FF"
# [10] "#ADE2D0FF" "#1A5354FF" "#3F4041FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107184811680

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.4353         0
    0.7804    0.0627         0
         0    0.5569    0.6275
    0.5412    0.2549    0.5961
    0.3529    0.5843    0.6000
    1.0000    0.3882    0.2824
    0.5176    0.8431    0.8824
    1.0000    0.5843    0.6588
    0.2392    0.2314    0.1451
    0.6784    0.8863    0.8157
    0.1020    0.3255    0.3294
    0.2471    0.2510    0.2549

image-20230110164836276


Rick and Morty (TV show)

This palette is inspired by the colors used in the TV show Rick and Morty:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_rickandmorty("schwifty", alpha = 1)(12)
mypal
# [1] "#FAFD7CFF" "#82491EFF" "#24325FFF" "#B7E4F9FF" "#FB6467FF" "#526E2DFF" "#E762D7FF" "#E89242FF" "#FAE48BFF"
# [10] "#A6EEE6FF" "#917C5DFF" "#69C8ECFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107184919859

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mypal =
    0.9804    0.9922    0.4863
    0.5098    0.2863    0.1176
    0.1412    0.1961    0.3725
    0.7176    0.8941    0.9765
    0.9843    0.3922    0.4039
    0.3216    0.4314    0.1765
    0.9059    0.3843    0.8431
    0.9098    0.5725    0.2588
    0.9804    0.8941    0.5451
    0.6510    0.9333    0.9020
    0.5686    0.4863    0.3647
    0.4118    0.7843    0.9255

image-20230110165201487


The Simpsons (TV show)

This palette is inspired by the colors used in the TV show The Simpsons:

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_simpsons("springfield", alpha = 1)(16)
mypal
# [1] "#FED439FF" "#709AE1FF" "#8A9197FF" "#D2AF81FF" "#FD7446FF" "#D5E4A2FF" "#197EC0FF" "#F05C3BFF" "#46732EFF"
# [10] "#71D0F5FF" "#370335FF" "#075149FF" "#C80813FF" "#91331FFF" "#1A9993FF" "#FD8CC1FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185041128

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mypal =
    0.9961    0.8314    0.2235
    0.4392    0.6039    0.8824
    0.5412    0.5686    0.5922
    0.8235    0.6863    0.5059
    0.9922    0.4549    0.2745
    0.8353    0.8941    0.6353
    0.0980    0.4941    0.7529
    0.9412    0.3608    0.2314
    0.2745    0.4510    0.1804
    0.4431    0.8157    0.9608
    0.2157    0.0118    0.2078
    0.0275    0.3176    0.2863
    0.7843    0.0314    0.0745
    0.5686    0.2000    0.1216
    0.1020    0.6000    0.5765
    0.9922    0.5490    0.7569

image-20230110165325547


GSEA(GSEA GenePattern)

The GSEA palette (continuous) is inspired by the heatmaps generated by GSEA GenePattern.

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_gsea("default", alpha = 1)(12)
mypal
# [1] "#4500ACFF" "#2600D1FF" "#6B58EEFF" "#8787FFFF" "#C6C0FFFF" "#D4D4FFFF" "#FFBFE5FF" "#FF8888FF" "#FF707FFF"
# [10] "#FF5959FF" "#EE3F3FFF" "#D60C00FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185159554

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mypal =
    0.2706         0    0.6745
    0.1490         0    0.8196
    0.4196    0.3451    0.9333
    0.5294    0.5294    1.0000
    0.7765    0.7529    1.0000
    0.8314    0.8314    1.0000
    1.0000    0.7490    0.8980
    1.0000    0.5333    0.5333
    1.0000    0.4392    0.4980
    1.0000    0.3490    0.3490
    0.9333    0.2471    0.2471
    0.8392    0.0471         0

image-20230110165447161


Material Design (Google)

The Material Design color palettes are from the Material Design color guidelines4.

Material Design (codenamed Quantum Paper) is a design language developed by Google in 2014. Expanding on the “cards” that debuted in Google Now, Material Design uses more grid-based layouts, responsive animations and transitions, padding, and depth effects such as lighting and shadows. Google announced Material Design on June 25, 2014, at the 2014 Google I/O conference.5

Material Design是Google在2014年提出的设计规范，它所涵盖的内容非常广泛，颜色部分的设计只是其中一小部分。ggsci的Material Design色卡参考了Material Design，但是颜色的十六进制代码有细微的差异。

(1) red

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("red", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FFEBEDFF" "#FFCCD2FF" "#EE9999FF" "#E57272FF" "#EE5250FF" "#F34335FF" "#E53934FF" "#D22E2EFF" "#C52727FF" "#B71B1BFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185312320

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.9216    0.9294
    1.0000    0.8000    0.8235
    0.9333    0.6000    0.6000
    0.8980    0.4471    0.4471
    0.9333    0.3216    0.3137
    0.9529    0.2627    0.2078
    0.8980    0.2235    0.2039
    0.8235    0.1804    0.1804
    0.7725    0.1529    0.1529
    0.7176    0.1059    0.1059

image-20230110165639600

(2) pink

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("pink", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FCE4EBFF" "#F8BAD0FF" "#F38EB1FF" "#F06192FF" "#EB3F79FF" "#E91E63FF" "#D81A5FFF" "#C1185AFF" "#AC1357FF" "#870D4EFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185408241

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mypal =
    0.9882    0.8941    0.9216
    0.9725    0.7294    0.8157
    0.9529    0.5569    0.6941
    0.9412    0.3804    0.5725
    0.9216    0.2471    0.4745
    0.9137    0.1176    0.3882
    0.8471    0.1020    0.3725
    0.7569    0.0941    0.3529
    0.6745    0.0745    0.3412
    0.5294    0.0510    0.3059

image-20230110165812946

(3) purple

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("purple", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#F2E5F4FF" "#E0BEE6FF" "#CD92D8FF" "#B967C7FF" "#AB46BBFF" "#9B26B0FF" "#8D24AAFF" "#7A1FA1FF" "#6A1A99FF" "#4A138CFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185504824

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mypal =
    0.9490    0.8980    0.9569
    0.8784    0.7451    0.9020
    0.8039    0.5725    0.8471
    0.7255    0.4039    0.7804
    0.6706    0.2745    0.7333
    0.6078    0.1490    0.6902
    0.5529    0.1412    0.6667
    0.4784    0.1216    0.6314
    0.4157    0.1020    0.6000
    0.2902    0.0745    0.5490

image-20230110165937697

(4) deep-purple

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("deep-purple", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#ECE6F6FF" "#D1C4E9FF" "#B29DDAFF" "#9474CCFF" "#7E57C1FF" "#6639B7FF" "#5E34B1FF" "#512CA7FF" "#45269FFF" "#311A92FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185558420

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mypal =
    0.9255    0.9020    0.9647
    0.8196    0.7686    0.9137
    0.6980    0.6157    0.8549
    0.5804    0.4549    0.8000
    0.4941    0.3412    0.7569
    0.4000    0.2235    0.7176
    0.3686    0.2039    0.6941
    0.3176    0.1725    0.6549
    0.2706    0.1490    0.6235
    0.1922    0.1020    0.5725

image-20230110215229976

(5) indigo

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("indigo", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#E7EAF6FF" "#C5CAE9FF" "#9FA7D9FF" "#7985CBFF" "#5B6BBFFF" "#3F51B4FF" "#3948ABFF" "#303F9FFF" "#273492FF" "#19227EFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185650465

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mypal =
    0.9059    0.9176    0.9647
    0.7725    0.7922    0.9137
    0.6235    0.6549    0.8510
    0.4745    0.5216    0.7961
    0.3569    0.4196    0.7490
    0.2471    0.3176    0.7059
    0.2235    0.2824    0.6706
    0.1882    0.2471    0.6235
    0.1529    0.2039    0.5725
    0.0980    0.1333    0.4941

image-20230110215350884

(6) blue

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("blue", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#E3F2FDFF" "#BADEFAFF" "#90CAF8FF" "#64B4F6FF" "#41A5F4FF" "#2096F2FF" "#1E87E5FF" "#1976D2FF" "#1465BFFF" "#0C46A0FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185755776

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mypal =
    0.8902    0.9490    0.9922
    0.7294    0.8706    0.9804
    0.5647    0.7922    0.9725
    0.3922    0.7059    0.9647
    0.2549    0.6471    0.9569
    0.1255    0.5882    0.9490
    0.1176    0.5294    0.8980
    0.0980    0.4627    0.8235
    0.0784    0.3961    0.7490
    0.0471    0.2745    0.6275

image-20230110215502225

(7) light-blue

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("light-blue", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#E0F4FEFF" "#B2E5FCFF" "#80D3F9FF" "#4EC3F7FF" "#28B6F6FF" "#02A9F3FF" "#029AE5FF" "#0187D1FF" "#0177BDFF" "#00579AFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185835704

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mypal =
    0.8784    0.9569    0.9961
    0.6980    0.8980    0.9882
    0.5020    0.8275    0.9765
    0.3059    0.7647    0.9686
    0.1569    0.7137    0.9647
    0.0078    0.6627    0.9529
    0.0078    0.6039    0.8980
    0.0039    0.5294    0.8196
    0.0039    0.4667    0.7412
         0    0.3412    0.6039

image-20230110215635252

(8) cyan

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("cyan", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#DFF7F9FF" "#B2EBF2FF" "#7FDEEAFF" "#4CD0E0FF" "#26C5D9FF" "#00BBD3FF" "#00ACC0FF" "#0097A6FF" "#00838EFF" "#005F64FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107185918621

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mypal =
    0.8745    0.9686    0.9765
    0.6980    0.9216    0.9490
    0.4980    0.8706    0.9176
    0.2980    0.8157    0.8784
    0.1490    0.7725    0.8510
         0    0.7333    0.8275
         0    0.6745    0.7529
         0    0.5922    0.6510
         0    0.5137    0.5569
         0    0.3725    0.3922

image-20230110215739554

(9) teal

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("teal", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#DFF2F1FF" "#B2DFDAFF" "#7FCBC4FF" "#4CB6ACFF" "#26A599FF" "#009687FF" "#00887AFF" "#00796BFF" "#00685BFF" "#004C3FFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190002436

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mypal =
    0.8745    0.9490    0.9451
    0.6980    0.8745    0.8549
    0.4980    0.7961    0.7686
    0.2980    0.7137    0.6745
    0.1490    0.6471    0.6000
         0    0.5882    0.5294
         0    0.5333    0.4784
         0    0.4745    0.4196
         0    0.4078    0.3569
         0    0.2980    0.2471

image-20230110215956190

(10) green

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("green", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#E7F4E9FF" "#C7E5C9FF" "#A5D6A6FF" "#80C684FF" "#66BA6AFF" "#4CAE50FF" "#439F46FF" "#388D3BFF" "#2D7D32FF" "#1A5E1FFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190053988

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mypal =
    0.9059    0.9569    0.9137
    0.7804    0.8980    0.7882
    0.6471    0.8392    0.6510
    0.5020    0.7765    0.5176
    0.4000    0.7294    0.4157
    0.2980    0.6824    0.3137
    0.2627    0.6235    0.2745
    0.2196    0.5529    0.2314
    0.1765    0.4902    0.1961
    0.1020    0.3686    0.1216

image-20230110220210602

(11) light-green

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("light-green", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#F1F8E9FF" "#DCECC7FF" "#C5E0A5FF" "#ADD480FF" "#9BCC65FF" "#8BC34AFF" "#7BB241FF" "#679F38FF" "#548B2EFF" "#33681EFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190141869

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mypal =
    0.9451    0.9725    0.9137
    0.8627    0.9255    0.7804
    0.7725    0.8784    0.6471
    0.6784    0.8314    0.5020
    0.6078    0.8000    0.3961
    0.5451    0.7647    0.2902
    0.4824    0.6980    0.2549
    0.4039    0.6235    0.2196
    0.3294    0.5451    0.1804
    0.2000    0.4078    0.1176

image-20230110220112586

(12) lime

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("lime", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#F8FAE6FF" "#F0F3C3FF" "#E5ED9BFF" "#DCE674FF" "#D3E057FF" "#CCDC39FF" "#BFCA33FF" "#AEB32BFF" "#9E9D24FF" "#817717FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190223020

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mypal =
    0.9725    0.9804    0.9020
    0.9412    0.9529    0.7647
    0.8980    0.9294    0.6078
    0.8627    0.9020    0.4549
    0.8275    0.8784    0.3412
    0.8000    0.8627    0.2235
    0.7490    0.7922    0.2000
    0.6824    0.7020    0.1686
    0.6196    0.6157    0.1412
    0.5059    0.4667    0.0902

image-20230110220327314

(13) yellow

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("yellow", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FFFDE6FF" "#FFF8C4FF" "#FFF49DFF" "#FFF176FF" "#FFED58FF" "#FFEB3AFF" "#FDD834FF" "#FABF2CFF" "#F8A725FF" "#F47F17FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107193509183

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.9922    0.9020
    1.0000    0.9725    0.7686
    1.0000    0.9569    0.6157
    1.0000    0.9451    0.4627
    1.0000    0.9294    0.3451
    1.0000    0.9216    0.2275
    0.9922    0.8471    0.2039
    0.9804    0.7490    0.1725
    0.9725    0.6549    0.1451
    0.9569    0.4980    0.0902

image-20230110220446616

(14) amber

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("amber", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FFF8E0FF" "#FFEBB2FF" "#FFDF81FF" "#FFD44EFF" "#FFCA27FF" "#FFC006FF" "#FFB200FF" "#FF9F00FF" "#FF8E00FF" "#FF6E00FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190428547

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.9725    0.8784
    1.0000    0.9216    0.6980
    1.0000    0.8745    0.5059
    1.0000    0.8314    0.3059
    1.0000    0.7922    0.1529
    1.0000    0.7529    0.0235
    1.0000    0.6980         0
    1.0000    0.6235         0
    1.0000    0.5569         0
    1.0000    0.4314         0

image-20230110220659860

(15) orange

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("orange", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FFF2DFFF" "#FFDFB2FF" "#FFCC7FFF" "#FFB74CFF" "#FFA626FF" "#FF9800FF" "#FA8C00FF" "#F47B00FF" "#EE6C00FF" "#E55100FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190537393

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mypal =
    1.0000    0.9490    0.8745
    1.0000    0.8745    0.6980
    1.0000    0.8000    0.4980
    1.0000    0.7176    0.2980
    1.0000    0.6510    0.1490
    1.0000    0.5961         0
    0.9804    0.5490         0
    0.9569    0.4824         0
    0.9333    0.4235         0
    0.8980    0.3176         0

image-20230110220758735

(16) deep-orange

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("deep-orange", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#FAE9E6FF" "#FFCCBBFF" "#FFAB91FF" "#FF8A65FF" "#FF7043FF" "#FF5721FF" "#F3511EFF" "#E54A19FF" "#D84314FF" "#BF350CFF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190619158

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mypal =
    0.9804    0.9137    0.9020
    1.0000    0.8000    0.7333
    1.0000    0.6706    0.5686
    1.0000    0.5412    0.3961
    1.0000    0.4392    0.2627
    1.0000    0.3412    0.1294
    0.9529    0.3176    0.1176
    0.8980    0.2902    0.0980
    0.8471    0.2627    0.0784
    0.7490    0.2078    0.0471

image-20230110220911294

(17) brown

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("brown", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#EEEBE9FF" "#D7CCC7FF" "#BBAAA4FF" "#A0877FFF" "#8C6D63FF" "#795447FF" "#6C4C40FF" "#5D3F37FF" "#4D332DFF" "#3E2622FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190723867

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mypal =
    0.9333    0.9216    0.9137
    0.8431    0.8000    0.7804
    0.7333    0.6667    0.6431
    0.6275    0.5294    0.4980
    0.5490    0.4275    0.3882
    0.4745    0.3294    0.2784
    0.4235    0.2980    0.2510
    0.3647    0.2471    0.2157
    0.3020    0.2000    0.1765
    0.2431    0.1490    0.1333

image-20230110221004239

(18) grey

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("grey", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#F9F9F9FF" "#F4F4F4FF" "#EDEDEDFF" "#DFDFDFFF" "#BDBDBDFF" "#9E9E9EFF" "#747474FF" "#606060FF" "#414141FF" "#202020FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190832170

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mypal =
    0.9765    0.9765    0.9765
    0.9569    0.9569    0.9569
    0.9294    0.9294    0.9294
    0.8745    0.8745    0.8745
    0.7412    0.7412    0.7412
    0.6196    0.6196    0.6196
    0.4549    0.4549    0.4549
    0.3765    0.3765    0.3765
    0.2549    0.2549    0.2549
    0.1255    0.1255    0.1255

image-20230110221113463

(19) blue-grey

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library("ggsci")

mypal <- pal_material("blue-grey", alpha = 1)(10)
mypal
# [1] "#EBEEF1FF" "#CED8DCFF" "#B0BEC5FF" "#90A4ADFF" "#78909BFF" "#5F7D8BFF" "#536D79FF" "#455964FF" "#37464EFF" "#263238FF"

library("scales")
show_col(mypal)

image-20230107190920083

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mypal =
    0.9216    0.9333    0.9451
    0.8078    0.8471    0.8627
    0.6902    0.7451    0.7725
    0.5647    0.6431    0.6784
    0.4706    0.5647    0.6078
    0.3725    0.4902    0.5451
    0.3255    0.4275    0.4745
    0.2706    0.3490    0.3922
    0.2157    0.2745    0.3059
    0.1490    0.1961    0.2196

image-20230110221222634


References

  1. Scientific Journal and Sci-Fi ThemedColor Palettes for ggplot2 - ggsci. ˄ ˄2

  2. nanxstats/ggsci: Scientific journal and sci-fi themed color palettes for ggplot2 (github.com). ˄

  3. rgb2hex and hex2rgb - File Exchange - MATLAB Central. ˄

  4. The color system - Material Design. ˄

  5. Material Design - Wikipedia. ˄